Some eukaryotic cells ( plant cells and fungal cells) also have a cell wall. It also prevents the cell from expanding and bursting ( cytolysis) from osmotic pressure due to a hypotonic environment. The cell wall consists of peptidoglycan in bacteria and acts as an additional barrier against exterior forces. The envelope gives rigidity to the cell and separates the interior of the cell from its environment, serving as a protective filter. Though most prokaryotes have both a cell membrane and a cell wall, there are exceptions such as Mycoplasma (bacteria) and Thermoplasma (archaea) which only possess the cell membrane layer.
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